Terrorist Organization Hezbollah Research Paper

Terrorist Organization Hezbollah - Research Paper Example Similar to Taliban’s rise as an extremist independent organization in the aftermath of the Afghan-Russian war of 1979, Hezbollah too falls in the same category. Taliban emerged as a confrontation group aiming to remove Russian army from invading Afghanistan, with United States and Pakistan providing full military and financial support to them. Likewise, Hezbollah emerged as a consequence of Iranian revolution to back-out Israeli army from invading Lebanon back in 1982, and being backed up heavily by Iran and Syria. The formation of Hezbollah was an asset to the Islamic world, protecting it from invasions and western imperialism. But the view of Hezbollah as a protector is not same to all. Hostility towards Israel and United States has resulted in Hezbollah being declared as a terrorist organization. Before studying the origins of Hezbollah and its future imperatives, along with its hostility towards Israel and United States, one must visually understand the strategic importance of its homeland- Lebanon. Lying in between Syria and Israel, and a gateway to major Muslim countries of the world, Lebanon has a politically strategic location. Lebanon is the center of most of the religious activities that are carried out in the world. Because of intensely political and religious dissections, the circumstances and stability of Lebanon is easy to manipulate. Also Iran’s nuclear program establishment is itself a great threat to Israel (who always has an eye to counter Iran’s powers). However Israel can benefit if it is somehow able to capture Lebanon, as that will bring them one step closer to their ultimate target, Iran. Hezbollah is the leeway of many factors. Most important of which are the religious, military and political tensions in Lebanon. The religious roots of Hezbollah state back to Shia Islamic revival during the 1960’s and 1970’s in Iraq. After returning to Lebanon in 1970’s from Iraq, Najaf educated preachers and students

Paramedics assessment with Problems in Pregnancy and Complicated Research Paper

Paramedics assessment with Problems in Pregnancy and Complicated Childbirth - Research Paper Example By estimating her EDC or EDD through ultrasonography or manual calculations by measuring the fundic height or getting the LMP, a rough correlation with her uterine contractions can be deduced to know if the patient is undergoing false or true labor. Rupture of membranes or excretion of a mucus plug may indicate an active labor process. General health must also be assessed if the mother has had allergies, is smoker or alcoholic, or takes any drugs or medications (Complicated childbirth). In ancient times, the mode of delivery for subsequent pregnancies after a history of cesarean section (CS) will always be CS. Currently, there are now options to undergo a trial of labor after a cesarean birth but patients must be aided in their decision making with sufficient understanding about the risks and benefits of a vaginal delivery. With TOLAC, there is a risk of uterine rupture. The following characteristics, increases the success of vaginal delivery: previous vaginal delivery, history of VB AC, spontaneous labor, competent cervix, nonrecurring indications i.e. breech, previa, herpes, preterm delivery, an interpregnancy interval of more than 18 months. Similarly, the risks associated and factors that may contribute to failure of the process are morbid obesity, Hispanic and African American race, increasing birth weight, previous history of cephalopelvic disproportion, diabetes mellitus, failure to progress labor, no history of vaginal deliveries, or a previous cesarean section. In the clinical case given, her risks of undergoing a trial of labor may be high; therefore a cesarean delivery may be recommended (Caughey, n.d.). Condition Clinical presentation Problems/Risks/Complications Management Ectopic pregnancy Signs of pregnancy i.e. amenorrhea, positive pregnancy test Abdominal pain accompanied by shoulder pain as the embryo grows distending the involved structure and compressing adjacent organs If abdominal implantation, signs of shock i.e. hypotension If cervical or fallopian tube implantation, vaginal blood loss Problem: implantation of the embryo in structures other than the uterus Risk: previous ectopic pregnancy, history of tubal surgery, history of tubal infection, progestin-only contraception, intrauterine contraceptive devices Complication: rupture of structure with the growing fetus, hemorrhage causing hypovolemic shock Early diagnosis via ?-hCG level determination Transport to a medical facility for possible surgical procedure Correct signs of shock Pain alleviation Pre-term labour Uterine contractions Small amount of cervical effacement or dilatation Problem: premature onset of labor before 38 weeks of gestation Risk: multi-gravid, intrauterine infections, premature rupture of the membranes, uterine or cervical anatomical anomalies, smoker, Complication: preterm birth, low birth weight neonate, fetal distress, infection Prehospital setting: supportive care, decrease level of stress, bed rest Hospital setting: IV salbutamol Pre-eclamp sia Hypertension; BP >140/90 mmHg Edema Proteinuria Headaches Visual disturbances Pulmonary edema Hepatic dysfunction Oliguria Thrombocytopenia or haemolysis Problem: biochemical and physiological alteration resulting to widespread vasoconstriction, organ ischemia and edema Risk: obesity, diabetes mellitus, race Complication: progression to eclampsia; brain ischemia, seizure, heart failure, decreased